Legalization of Marijuana Essay

BODY PARAGRAPHS: I. Theme Sentence that underpins the theory: Making Marijuana legitimate will spare the U.S. government and the normal citizen a great deal of cash.  ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­Ã¢ ­ Example: Billions of dollars are gone through consistently to capture and lock up Marijuana clients. Model: Taxpayers need to hold up under the expense for the costs: food, lodging, medicinal services, lawyer charges, court costs, and different costs for these individuals. Model: what's more, if weed were legitimate, the administration would have the option to gather burdens on it, and would have much more cash to pay for successful medication instruction programs and other significant causes. Shutting or Transitional Sentence: We would have more cash to spend on progressively significant issues if maryjane were lawful. II. Subject Sentence that bolsters the proposal: Legalization of this medication would decrease sedate related violations. Model: All illicit medications are costly on the grounds that their creation, transportation and deal are dangerous. Model: People with chronic drug habits should regularly fall back on burglary and different wrongdoings so as to produce the assets important to buy these kinds of medications. Model: Legalization would diminish the dangers, the costs, and, in this way, the violations. Model: what's more, wrongdoings identified with tranquilize questions would likewise be diminished once Marijuana turns into a lawful medication. Shutting or Transitional Sentence: Not just could the legitimization of Marijuana spare the lives of street pharmacists and their demographic, however it could likewise spare numerous at death's door patients from misery. III. Theme Sentence that underpins the proposition: Marijuana can be utilized as a treatment for certain ailments. Model: Marijuana could beâ used to treat at death's door AIDS patients by animating their hunger so they can oppose anorexia (radical weight reduction). Model: Smoking this medication will ease the serious sickness that is a typical symptom of chemotherapy. Model: also, Marijuana has been known to facilitate the torment of extreme headache migraines. Shutting or Transitional Sentence: Since it is apparent that Marijuana could be an important medication in the battle against numerous fatal ailments, it ought to be sanctioned. End: Rehash the possibility of your postulation: By lifting the restriction on cannabis use and rewarding it like different medications, for example, tobacco and liquor, the country would increase prompt and long haul benefits. Sum up/Reinforce the layout of the body: Marijuana, a typical and handily delivered wild plant, could be helpful to numerous whenever authorized. Come back to a general degree of the subject: Prohibition doesn't work. Training and treatment are smarter to address the medication issue in this nation.

Contemporary issues in accounting and finance Essay

Contemporary issues in bookkeeping and account - Essay Example An ongoing FEE (Federation of European Accountants) distribution expresses that â€Å"an individual’s objectivity must be undoubtedly when directing and covering a legal audit† (FEE). This paper will basically assess this announcement with specific reference given to some central money related/bookkeeping/inspecting ideas and outer investigations. Objectivity of legal inspectors There are numerous circumstances where a legal auditor’s objectivity would be addressed while examining budget summaries of a firm. To outline, an evaluator faces this test while managing the valuation of benefits. So as to comprehend this circumstance plainly, it is important to examine the distinction between reasonable worth and chronicled cost. Under verifiable cost bookkeeping, resources and liabilities are esteemed at unique obtaining cost and any expansion or diminishing in their reasonable worth throughout the years isn't considered (Shome 1995, p.135). Conversely, resources and l iabilities are esteemed at the market cost in the present date under the reasonable worth bookkeeping strategy (Wood 2009, p.344). Customarily, books of records were kept at authentic expenses. Nonetheless, reasonable worth bookkeeping supplanted this ordinary bookkeeping practice almost two decades prior and from that point forward the advantages and liabilities are estimated at their present worth assessments (Ramanna 2013). Today, a large portion of the organizations esteem resources and liabilities at the assessments of their present market an incentive so as to give the partners a point by point perspective on the monetary status of the business. Since questionable resources/liabilities valuation rehearses have prompted numerous corporate disappointments in the course of the most recent decade, it is a challengeable undertaking for examiners to guarantee the unwavering quality of reasonable worth bookkeeping. Under such conditions, a legal auditor’s objectivity is probab ly going to be addressed on the off chance that he has a particular enthusiasm for the firm. Reasonable worth bookkeeping speaks to the social development of reality whereby authenticity, force, and figments are made. As specialists call attention to, new epistemic measures must be made to address the socially developed truth of reasonable worth bookkeeping. Reasonable worth bookkeeping unmistakably speaks to socially built reality, and reviewers are relied upon to keep up proficient morals and real practices (Jeppesen and Liempd 2011). So as to confirm this socially built reality, auditor’s autonomy must be explicitly advanced. The auditor’s autonomy can fundamentally influence the validity of budget reports (Olagunju 2011). Henceforth, there is a positive connection between freedom of an examiner and believability of the budget report (Ibid). What's more, an auditor’s autonomy can legitimize his objectivity as it were. The auditor’s autonomy has two par ticular viewpoints including genuine freedom and saw freedom (Sucher and MacLullich n.d.). Achievement of both these angles is basic to accomplish a definitive objectives of auditor’s freedom. Genuine freedom can be basically characterized as the autonomy of the inspector or autonomy of the psyche (Palmrose and Saul 2001). All the more accurately, genuine autonomy is identified with the perspective the examiner keeps up and how he deals with a specific circumstance. An extremely free evaluator would settle on autonomous choices despite the fact that he is compelled to deal with a trading off condition by the company’

Human Resources Management Research Paper And Defense Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Introduction During this research paper you are going to learn the definition of human resource management. What the differences or similarities are to be pointed out between different approaches and which are the advantages or disadvantages of either. In our days human resources has become an essential point in the organizational structure than rather a bureaucratic act, were salaries are being prepared and employee documents are stored. Only a few decades ago, labor was seen as a rational cost factor. The employee/company relation also was completely different, as employees were more loyal and stayed basically for their whole life in one company. In these days everything is getting global and employee loyalty is mostly correlated directly with the salary one employer is willing to pay. Typically employees change for wages, for more responsibilities or higher positions, better working environment, social benefits, company extras such as free meals, massages etc. Not only have companies realized that a substantial value lies in the human resource, but it can even gain more value and is therefore also going to increase the companies or organizations value. Therefore they are trying to compete with the other organizations not only for better products, market share, profits etc. but especially for highly qualified workers that preferably are loyal to the company and would stay longer. Definition Human Resource Management is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. There are two approaches in human resources which can be also called as soft or hard approach. The hard approach is the economically rational process to approach human resources management. It focuses on lowest possible labor costs and maximized control. It is quantitative and calculative and labor is seen as a commodity or resource. The soft approach is a more humanistic version. Employees are also seen as a commodity or resource, but they may be developed. In this approach it is essential to say that you as a company or organization have much more trust in your employees. The line managers or the lower and middle management have direct responsibility in ensuring quality of production and guiding employees. The definition of Management is: It comprises planning, organizing, resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization. Management goes beyond the organizations internal operations to include the industry and the general environment. The key is on issues related to environmental scanning and industry analysis, appraisal of current and future competitors, assessment of core competencies, strategic control and the effective allocation of organizational resources. Differences and similarities In human resources management it is basically the same. Organizing and planning the staff, leading them, directing them accordingly to the corporate strategy etc. Human resources management has four key dimensions which consist of commitment, quality, flexibility and integration. Commitment is sought in the sense that employees are expected to identify closely with the interests of the organization and to go beyond just following management decisions, but identifying with the goals of the company or organization and behave accordingly. Flexibility is the staffs will and ability to change in regards of flexible organization structure. The quality of the staff is important in order to reach the set goals. Finally, integration refers to how the human resources management fits in to the business strategy. Integration also means that line managers are fully involved in the management of their staff. Line managers are typically reporting to the higher management and lead employees and wo rk groups that do not have any direct decision making responsibilities. Line managers usually have tasks like: People management Managing costs Work allocation and monitoring Quality control In order to apply human resource management you would basically follow a long term strategy and look at the staff as a resource to be used, rather than only a cost factor. Also you would look at the staff as most valuable asset of a company. The Definition of Human resource management (HRM, as defined by Bratton, J. Gold, J. (2003), is: A strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging peoples capabilities is critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage, this being achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programmes and practices. Personnel management however is a more traditional approach. It is an administrative record-keeping function. Personnel management tends to give importance to norms, cust oms and established practices, where HRM gives importance to values and mission. In PM employee satisfaction is the key to keeping employees motivated and institute compensation, bonuses, rewards, and work simplification initiatives as possible motivators. In HRM improved performance is the driver of employee satisfaction and devises strategies such as work challenges, team work and creativity to improve motivation. Another difference between these two methods is that personnel management usually is reacting and human resource management has a more pro-active approach. This means if a problem should occur, in personnel management you apply a solution that already has shown its usefulness. In human resource management you would look at each problem on an individual basis and try to find a separate solution for it. Directly compared you can also say that personnel management is short term oriented, they trust their employees less and apply external control of their employees, it is bureaucratic and prefers the employees to just comply than think by their own. If you apply this method you can do this for lower qualified employees and work that does not involve several skills. The short term, because of the high employee fluctuation due to the low responsibility that the employees have. They probably get bored much faster as such work would be highly standardized and they basically do not contribute their own ideas to the work. Off course there are also some similarities between these two approaches, like the human resources manager or the personnel manager is recruiting the staff. Both value the interests of the organization or company. Both want to work more cost effective. The approaches as mentioned before are just different. From the shift of personnel management to strategic human resource management, it can be argued that many improvements within firms occurred. First, as recruiting and training approaches were modified to fit each new situation , the firms became significantly better at adapting to the constantly evolving environment, and to the workplace diversity. By adapting to the workplaces need, employees felt that they were more valued and this would have led to a higher job satisfaction. The importance of this is that financial success is strongly correlated with employee fulfillment. Another result of employees feeling more valued in a firm would increase their motivation to work efficiently. As (Van Marrewijk, M. Timmers, J., 2003) states that: Motivated personnel have a phenomenally higher productivity than employees who have mental dismissal. So employee satisfaction and job motivation are two internal sources of competitive advantage. Some examples of human resource strategies in corporations: Shangri la If you have the right attitude, anything is possible at Shangri-La. We invest heavily in training, and offer a variety of programs for all levels, as well as our own training school, the Shangri-La Academy. Our aim is always to keep and reward the very best. So each year we fill most of the companys management positions via internal promotions and transfers and, with over 50 projects in development around the world, the opportunities are endless. McDonalds We believe the words Welcome to McDonalds should apply to our employees just as much as our customers. Were proud of our food, and were just as proud of the jobs we create. Maybe its a way to buy that first car. It could be a way to support yourself in college. Or it might be the way you enter the corporate world. Whatever youre looking for, McDonalds can help you make your own way, with challenging careers, quality benefits and the best opportunities around. Flexible Schedules We believe in flexible schedules that fit into the way you live your life and can help you reach your goals. Well also give you the mentorship and guidance you need to succeed. Empowering You We believe in giving you the tools you need to succeed, whether its the chance to own your own restaurant or tackle the corporate ladder. To be the best company we can, we have to offer the best opportunities, and wed like to believe that some of the best ones around are right here. Nestlà © The long-term success of the Company depends on its capacity to attract, retain and develop employees able to ensure its growth on a continuing basis. This is a primary responsibility for all managers. The Nestlà © policy is to hire staff with personal attitudes and professional skills enabling them to develop a long-term relationship with the Company. Therefore the potential for professional development is an essential standard for recruitment. Each new member joining Nestlà © is to become a participant in developing a sustainable quality culture which implies a commitment to the organization and a sense for continuous improvement leaving no room for complacency. Therefore, and in view of the importance of these Nestlà © values, special attention will be paid to the matching between a candidates values and the Company culture. By managing human resources effectively and efficiently, employees will be satisfied and motivated thus enabling them to perform their dut ies to the best of their abilities. It will also help an organization to improve its performance and increase success. Effective human resource management encourage talent retention by making employees work meaningful and providing them with career satisfaction. The implementation of HRM in an organization enables employees to develop their personal and organizational skills, knowledge, and abilities consequently increasing their market value. HRM also looks into the welfare and safety of the employees. This does not only is a big plus for the employees, if you have more skilled and knowledgeable workers there likely going to perform better. HRM must work to ensure that the working environment is safe and healthy; caring for employees well-being has a major effect on their commitment. HRM must also realize that any problem an employee faces in his or her personal life will ultimately be brought into the workplace. Influences from economy, social or emotional life can cause good o r bad performance. Employee assistance programs, such as programs that help individuals deal with stressful life situations, are needed. Such programs provide many benefits to the organization while simultaneously helping the affected employee. In addition to protecting an employees welfare, it is necessary to HRM to operate appropriate Communication Programs in the organization. Included in such programs is the ability for employees to know what is occurring around them and to prevent frustrations. Employee relations programs should be designed to ensure that employees are kept well informed and to create an environment where employees voices are heard, if time and effort are expended in this phase. From the above information, one can imagine how important Human Resource management is for any organization. An organization is a compilation of people. The life of the organization is its employees and the management of these employees in an effective manner becomes extremely imp ortant for an organization. Conclusion It is important to note that strategy involves more than developing strategies for the whole organization to use as part of a business plan. The strategic human resource function also concentrates on the internal department planning and aims to always improve the human resources management side and adapting it to the current issues. Strategic human resource management therefore also focuses on how it should be readjusted to adapt, who else should be involved and what the issues are. In summary, it can be concluded that both methods of management contain strengths and weaknesses, and therefore both of them are not perfect. However, by evaluating each option, strategic human resource management has proven to be the better way to gain competitive advantage by using a companys argued most important resource: its people. The best advantage for firms that only use the traditional methods of personnel management instead of strategic human resource management is the cost saving. Instead on spending a lot of time analyzing each situation and trying to satisfy each employees needs, it uses a model that was proven to already work for a previous situation. Also it can be argued that it is safer than strategic human resource management. If a situation arises, instead of trying to find a strategy that could work, they use a previous technique which has definitely worked in the past. This means that from the past success of that technique there would be less risk not functioning. Human Resource management forms an integral part in the proper functioning of an organization. As the environment becomes more global, management of people has become more challenging, more unpredictable and more subject to fast change and surprises. In the long run or especially for the future the more modern human resource management form might be more effective, as in our days employees do not have a lifetime commitment to one company anymore. As stated above and shown in the examples, emp loyees feel better in an environment where they can contribute ideas themselves, where they have space for personal development. Not only in business life, but also in their social and private life. All these points are covered by human resource management. Therefore we conclude this is the more favorable way to manage the human resource in an organization.

How Do Emusic And Realnetworks Try And Target Their...

How do eMusic and RealNetworks try and target their customers? Emusic. EMusic’s success results from much more than just selling music, it’s what and how they use technology to get their customer s attention to meet their needs. Their relationship with their customers is based on a customer-focused marketing strategy. By trying and targeting their customers, eMusic use digital music service for independent-minded music collectors to satisfy online customer experiences. The thing that eMusic use to drives genuine value for their customer’s music is focusing on the independent-minded music lovers and collectors. The ‘Independents’ are defined by certain behaviors. Their musical tastes are more offbeat, as opposed to mainstream. They are also more passionate about music overall and are always actively seeking out music that’s new to them. 71% of the ‘Independents’ purchase digital music files online to own (Business Wire, 2011, p 1). RealNetworks. RealNetworks try and target their customer by creating products and services that make it easier for their customers to access and enjoy digital media on the devices and platforms they choose to use. Whether it s music, movies, games, live streaming video, or apps that help them keep close to their customers who matter most. RealNetworks thrives on giving people the fresh and entertaining experiences they deserve, whenever they want (RealNetworks, 2016, p. 1). How do eMusic and RealNetworks compete against other online music

Epidemiology Of Varsity Sports Essay Example For Students

Epidemiology Of Varsity Sports Essay Epidemiology Of Varsity Sports Essay Varsity sports is in many schools as important as academics, especially in the United States. These schools rely a great deal on the success of their teams for financial stability and enrollment interest. The athletes as well take their sport very seriously, if only for the sake of their pride. It therefore follows that each team strives to be the very best, and only 100% effort is enough. Unfortunately, when competition climaxes, more often than not injuries result. This study is a synopsis of the data collected in a number of past articles concerned with injuries incurred by collegiate athletes in many different varsity sports. For the purpose of this study, an injury has been defined as any abnormal condition that has caused an athlete to be removed from practice or competition for one or more days, because performance has been impaired (Hanes and Murray, 1982). The following statistics will deal with injuries of collegiate sports incurred by athletes involved in Mens and Womens Basketball, Baseball, Gymnastics and Track and Field, Mens Soccer, and Wrestling, and Womens Field Hockey. BASKETBALL The study of the nature and extent of athletic injuries Occuring in Womens Basketball by Hanes and Murray in 1982 found an injury rate of 41.7 per 100 players. Of these injuries 56. 9% were ankle sprains, 24.1% were muscle strains. 76.2% of the sprains and strains occurred to the lower extremities. Injured fingers ( which were the only upper extremity injuries) accounted for 14.3% of the injuries and 4. 8% of the injuries were reported as facial. All information for this study was collected through the use of injury forms completed by the coaches, and information forms by each player, injured or not. In a separate study for the American Journal of Sports Medicine by Clarke and Buckley in 1980 on injuries incurred in collegiate Womens Basketball, there was an injury rate of 20.3 per 100 players. There was a reported incidence of 53% sprains, and 4% strains. 40% of all injuries sustained were to the lower extremities. In the same study Clarke and Buckley found similar results in Mens Varsity Basketball to that of the Womens. The men reported 20.7 per 100 players suffering injuries, 54% of those being sprains, 6% being strains with 37% of the injuries Occuring to the lower extremity. All the data collected by Clarke and Buckley was received from the National Athletic Injury/ Illness Recording System (NAIRS). BASEBALL Clark and Buckley have also examined Mens and Womens Baseball in their study The reported injury rate for this particular sport was 9.2% (mens) and 8. 7% (womens). Sprains occurred 37% and 40% respectively, strains accounted for 28% and 12%. Mens baseball saw 69% of the injuries in the lower extremity, womens baseball reported 82% of the injuries in the lower extremities. FIELD HOCKEY Womens Field hockey had a similarly low injury rate according to Clarke and Buckley, at only 5.5%. Sprains once again were the most common injury, comprising 37% of the incidence rate, and strains made up 21%. As might be expected by the nature of the sport, the lower extremities received 72% of the injuries. TRACK AND FIELD The incidence rate of the Mens and Womens Track and Field teams were 10% and 12% respectively. Although as Clarke and Buckley found, this sport alone saw different injuries come to the forefront. It was muscle strains that seemed most prevalent, Occuring 48% (mens) and 26% (womens) of the time. Sprains accounted for only 18% and 16% of the injuries. But as would seem fitting the men were inflicted with 72% of the injuries to the lower extremities, and the women 92%. The Problem Of Gender Discrimination EssayWRESTLING After a five-year study of two University wrestling teams, Snook (1982) found wrestling to have the highest incidence of injury of all those examined in this article, with an injury rate of 35.7 per 100 participants. The type of injury was fairly evenly divided between sprains (31.03%) and strains (27.58%) as it was between injuries to the upper (43%) and lower extremities (55%). SOCCER As should be expected, Mens soccer saw a very high incidence of injury to the lower extremities. According to Davis (1977) 85.02% of all injuries occurred to the legs and ankles, with sprains comprising 31.03% and strains comprising 27.58%. There was an overall injury rate of 33.21 per 100 players for his study. Clarke and Buckley similarly found that 76% of the injuries (an overall rate of 13.2%) occurred to the lower limbs, with 49% of those being sprains, and 12% strains. GYMNASTICS According to Clarke and .

Materials for Artificial Hip Joints

Table of Contents Hip Anatomy Artificial Joint Hip Replacement Materials Selection Current Trends Conclusion Bibliography Footnotes Hip Anatomy The hip anatomy refers to the structures which make up the hip. â€Å"The hip contains various parts. These include bones and joints, which are our major concern, ligaments, tendons, muscles, nerves, the bursae, and blood vessels, which shall be discussed in this section.†1Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Materials for Artificial Hip Joints’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The hip is an example of a ball and socket joint. The most notable structures in a hip are the bones and joints. The bones are made up of the femur and the pelvis. â€Å"The head of the femur interlocks the acetabulum that is located besides the pelvis†.2 However, wear and tear might occur around the joints, causing chronic pains. This wear and tear might be as a result of acc idents, and or due to excessive walking, leading to a condition known as osteoarthritis.3 This involves replacing the damaged cartilage and bone of the hip joint with artificial ones. This kind of a process is carried out in two different ways: the cemented prosthesis and the uncemented prosthesis. The uncemented prosthesis is whereby the implants are made with special coatings which allow the bone to grow on to the implant. This is crucial since it aids in the integration of the implant into the body.4 This is actually achieved through designing implants which are porous. On the contrary, cemented prosthesis involves the use cement to attach the implant to the bone. The merits of carrying out an artificial joint hip replacement are: helping in movement of the person, doing away with the chronic pain at the joints and also to reduce the tear and wear at the joint. However, a good thing has never lacked shortcomings. The hip is bound to undergo some dislocations, which are caused by the fact that implants are always smaller than the original joint, something which makes the ball to come out of the socket (BoneSmart). It might also lead to blood clots, a condition known as thrombophlebitis and also the patient might fall victim of some infections.5Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Artificial Joint Hip Replacement In the past, traditional materials were being used to replace worn out hip joints. However, these prosthetics were subjected to a lot of wear and tear and were therefore not effective. This necessitated the development of modern materials, which would be more wear resistant and last longer. The implant materials to be used ought to have certain mechanical properties in order to be effective. They are supposed to be wear and tear resistant, hard, strong, with good corrosion resistance and considerable levels of stiffness. Very high stiffness in mater ials can result in weight shielding, which cause eventual fracture of the implants. Other factors such as biocompatibility and degradation of the biomaterials also play a key role in influencing their performance. In view of these properties, metals, ceramics, and polymers are the most used materials in the making of implants for artificial hip joints. The table shows below some of the mechanical properties of the most frequent used materials in this modern world. Metals have good fracture resistance and are stong enough to be used in making of hip joints. However, they have very high stiffness, which, as indicated earlier on, leads to weight shielding. â€Å"Steel is an alloy of iron, nickel,chromium and molybdenum†.6 An implant made from it lasts much longer since it is highly resistant to corrosion. This means that it does not degrade in the body easily. Steel has relatively high stiffness levels and it can be shaped easily, meaning reduced cost of production. On the other hand, nickel, which is contained in steel, might be of a problem to some people who are allergic to it.The other metal which is used to make implants in place of steel is the Freeman cobalt-chromium. This is an alloy composed of cobalt, molybdenum and chromium(27-30% Cr, 5-7% Mo, rest Co). â€Å"The freeman cobalt-chromium is used by patients who are allergic to nickel since it does not contain the latter†.7 Materials Selection Titanium implant is yet another metal which is used in making artificial hip joints. â€Å"A titanium implant has a stiffness of less than half that of stainless steel or cobalt chrome, which therefore reduces the effects of weight shielding. Its constituents give it excellent corrosion resistance, but it does suffer from relatively low fracture toughness and poor wear properties†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 2.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Materials for Artificial Hip Joints’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Titanium is special since it permits the use of finely polished wear resistant metal heads, which boosts its wear resistance. Polymethylmethacylate (PMMA) is one of the polymers which are most frequently used as grouting material. Its main limitation is that when used, there is always some release of heat to the neighboring bone, causing cell death. Cement might also cower, leading to toxic monomers being emancipated into the bloodstream. Zirconia (zirconium oxide) ceramic has found continued use in making of Zirconium Ceramic Femoral Head. â€Å"It is highly valued due to its mean surface roughness, being very hard and highly resistant to scratching and wear†.8 â€Å"Hydroxyapatite is made up of calcium phosphate, which makes it biocompatible. For this reason, it is, in absence of bone cement, used to coat implants†.9 Current Trends In the current times, the most favored type of implants hybrid ones. This is whereby different type of materials is combined in order to achieve the desired mechanical properties. This goes a long way in assuring the longevity of the implant. Some of these hybrid implants are discussed below. Metal ball (made up of cobalt chrome molybdenum) and Polyethylene liners have gained popularity over the years among the surgeons due to its good performance and durability. Polyethylene is capable of achieving stability in the body while the surgical operation is still underway and it’s also less expensive. The wear rate which is 0.1millimeters each year is a bit low and therefore it’s a better implant.10 Ceramic ball and polyethylene liner is another implant which is widely used. The wear rate is about 0.05 millimeters per year. The other hybrid implant is the metal ball and metal liner. They have very much reduced wear rate and the amount of bone lose is minimal. Of all the implants, these offer the largest ball heads, which means greater stability and therefore the risk of dislocation is highly reduced. Some of the feared aspects are that the metal’s soluble ions might dissolve into the body, being accompanied by some harmful effects. Ceramic ball and ceramic liner implants are the hardest and lowest in terms of wear rate (about 0.0001millimeters per year) but are more expensive than the other implants.11Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In conclusion, various materials can be used in making artificial hip joints and this majorly rely on the biocompatibility of the material, its mechanical properties, and its level of degradation while in the body. Bibliography Cluett, J, Hip Replacment Implant Options, 2008, retrieved http://orthopedics.about.com/od/hipkneereplacement/a/implants.htm. Drijber, FLIP JB Finlay, Proc Instn Mech. Engrs—Part H: J Eng Med, vol. 204, no.H4, 1990, pp. 253- 258. Malik, H, Advanced Hip Replacement, 2010, retrieved http://www.hammadmalik.co.uk/1/HipReplacement.aspx. Orthogate, Hip Patient Education, Artificial Hip Dislocation Precautions, 2000-2007, retrieved http://www.orthogate.org/patient-education/hip/. Queen Mary, Department of Materials: Materials Selection for Total Hip Replacement, 2010, retrieved http://www.materials.qmul.ac.uk/casestud/implants/. ScienceDaily, ‘Cementless Hip Implants Are Durable For At Least 20 Years,’ Number of stories in archive s, vol. 93, May 3, 2009, p. 728, retrieved http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090501154133.htm. Turner, I, Why Study Materials?, UK Centre for Materials Education, 2008-2010, retrieved http://www.whystudymaterials.ac.uk/casestudies/hip-replacement.asp. William, DC, Materials Science and Engineering: an introduction Wiley, 3rd edn, John Wiley sons, New York, 2008. Footnotes 1 Orthogate, Hip Patient Education, Artificial Hip Dislocation Precautions, 2000-2007, retrieved http://www.orthogate.org/patient-education/hip/,p.1. 2 Ibid, p.1. 3 H Malik, Advanced Hip Replacement, 2010, retrieved http://www.hammadmalik.co.uk/1/HipReplacement.aspx, p.1. 4 Ibid, p.1. 5 FLIP Drijber JB Finlay, Proc Instn Mech. Engrs—Part H: J Eng Med, vol. 204, no.H4, 1990, pp. 253- 258. 6 DC William, Materials Science and Engineering: an introduction Wiley, 3rd edn, John Wiley sons, New York, 2008, p.728. 7 Ibid, p.278. 8 I Turner, Why Study Materials?, UK Centre for Materials Education, 2 008-2010, retrieved http://www.whystudymaterials.ac.uk/casestudies/hip-replacement.asp,p.1. 9 ScienceDaily, ‘Cementless Hip Implants Are Durable For At Least 20 Years,’ Number of stories in archives, vol. 93, May 3, 2009, p. 728, retrieved http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090501154133.htm,p.728. 10 Queen Mary, Department of Materials: Materials Selection for Total Hip Replacement, 2010, retrieved http://www.materials.qmul.ac.uk/casestud/implants/,p.1. 11 J Cluett, Hip Replacment Implant Options, 2008, retrieved http://orthopedics.about.com/od/hipkneereplacement/a/implants.htm, p.1. 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Gibe, Gybe, Jibe, and Jive

Gibe, Gybe, Jibe, and Jive Gibe, Gybe, Jibe, and Jive Gibe, Gybe, Jibe, and Jive By Maeve Maddox The verbs gibe, gybe, jibe and jive all begin with the sound [j] and are often confused. gibe (verb): to taunt, to insult. Example: â€Å"If he laughed instead of cried when someone  gibed  at him, often the  teasing stopped.†Ã‚   gibe (noun): a sneering comment, a taunt. Example: â€Å"The  teasing, taunts,  gibes  and hurtful acts are a part of me still.† gybe (verb): (sailing term) to shift suddenly and with force from one side to the other when a ship is steered off the wind until the sail fills on the opposite side. Alternative spelling: jibe. Examples: â€Å"As Phil slipped overboard, the  boom gybed.† â€Å"A gust of wind caught their  sail, the  boom jibed, nearly knocking Mr. Snider overboard.† jibe (verb): to make sense, to agree with, to fit in. Example: â€Å"The latest research findings jibe with those recorded in 1934.† The noun jive has these three meanings: 1. a type of fast, lively jazz Weve been wanting to  play Jive  since the band first started. 2. lively and uninhibited dancing. He doesnt quite bounce around like a rubber band during his jive, but does good enough to notch a 7-7-7. 3. talk or conversation, especially talk that is false, misleading, or worthless. It’s time to cut the jive and tell the truth. As a verb, jive can mean to play lively music or to dance to lively music. Example: They spaced each other about four feet apart and  were jiving  to the music. The verb jive can also mean, â€Å"to mislead or deceive.† Maybe the narcs  were jiving  him, maybe  they were  going to shoot him in the back. I searched his eyes for some clue that  he was jiving me. He wasnt.   The most common errors with these words are to spell gibe as jibe and to use jive in the sense of jibe. Here are some examples of misuse from the Web: Incorrect: Arizona Prison Privatization Proposal Doesnt Jive with Market Correct : Arizona Prison Privatization Proposal Doesnt Jibe with Market Incorrect:  But  my opinion  about that  doesnt jive  with everyone elses opinion.   Correct :  But  my opinion  about that  doesnt jibe with everyone elses opinion.   Incorrect: If your child is hurling his own silly  jibes at  the teaser, then its a mutual thing. Correct : If your child is hurling his own silly  gibes at  the teaser, then its a mutual thing. Incorrect: Put-downs, slurs, jibes, and innuendo of all kinds are never purposeless or harmless. Correct : Put-downs, slurs, gibes, and innuendo of all kinds are never purposeless or harmless. The Oxford English Dictionary validates the nonstandard use of jive in the sense of jibe as â€Å"U.S.† usage, but Merriam-Webster Unabridged (notorious for its tendency to embrace all types of questionable usage) does not. The only definition M-W offers for jibe is â€Å"to be in accord.† Its only definitions for the verb jive are related to music, misleading talk, and teasing. Two other much-cited American authorities are careful to distinguish between gibe and jibe: The Chicago Manual of Style A gibe is a biting insult or taunt; gibes are figuratively thrown at their target â€Å"The angry crowd hurled gibes as the suspect was led into the courthouse.† Jibe means to fit, usually with negation â€Å"The verdict didn’t jibe with the judge’s own view of the facts.† The AP Stylebook To gibe means to taunt or sneer: â€Å"They gibed him about his mistakes.† Jibe means to shift direction: â€Å"They jibed their ship across the wind.† or, colloquially, to agree: â€Å"Their stories didn’t jibe.† Summary The sailing term may be spelled either gybe or jibe. The latter is more common in US usage. The verb that means â€Å"to agree† or â€Å"to fit† is spelled jibe. The noun and verb that convey taunting are spelled gibe. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Best Websites to Learn EnglishDrama vs. Melodrama